Asset tracking is an important aspect of asset management, and both are essential for organisations to operate efficiently and successfully. The terms are often used interchangeably, and their scope does overlap, but they are different and should be understood separately. So what are the differences between asset tracking and asset management, and what exactly does each involve? Read on to learn everything you need to know about these two processes.
What is an asset?
An asset is any item owned or right possessed by an individual or company which has value, whether it be economic, commercial, or exchangeable value. A company’s assets may include machinery, tools, equipment, vehicles, land, people, money, furniture, and more.
The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) defines an asset as ‘a present economic resource controlled by the entity as a result of past events. An economic resource is a right that has the potential to produce economic benefits.’
Tangible assets
There are two main categories of asset: intangible assets and tangible assets. The former are non-physical resources such as bonds, stock, copyrights, patents, trademarks, and computer software. However, these are less relevant to our discussion of asset management and tracking. Here, we’re mainly looking at tangible assets, which are physical resources. These are grouped into two main sub-categories: current assets (inventory, cash, accounts receivable), and fixed assets (equipment, machinery, buildings, and land).
Fixed assets
Fixed assets are the type of assets that are most relevant to our discussion of asset management and tracking. These are physical assets that are used by an organisation in its operations to produce income and are unlikely to be converted into cash. Specifically, an asset considered a fixed asset is not expected to be sold within one year. Because of the long lifespan of fixed assets, organisations need to depreciate the value of these physical assets over time.